A Certificate of Public Advantage (COPA) is a legal framework that allows healthcare facilities to enter, under the oversight of state authorities, into mergers or

Alcohol is a widely consumed substance that has effects on multiple parts of the body, including the blood and the immune system [1]. One of

Sedation is a critical component in various medical procedures, ensuring patient comfort and cooperation. While Certified Registered Nurse Anesthetists (CRNAs) are specially trained to administer

Cesarean sections are among the most common surgical procedures worldwide, performed either electively or as an emergency measure to deliver a baby when vaginal delivery

Electrophysiologic monitoring, or neuromonitoring, is employed during surgery to evaluate the functional integrity of the brain, brainstem, spinal cord, and peripheral and cranial nerves and

In the complex environment of healthcare, anesthesia incident reporting systems play a crucial role in improving patient safety and enhancing the quality of care. These

Understanding the connection between preoperative blood pressure and postoperative adverse events is crucial for improving surgical outcomes and patient safety. Elevated or reduced blood pressure

The potency of inhaled anesthetics is known as the Minimum Alveolar Concentration (MAC). MAC is defined as the concentration of an anesthetic in the alveoli

Remimazolam and midazolam are both benzodiazepines widely used for sedation in a variety of medical procedures. However, remimazolam and midazolam have significantly different pharmacokinetic profiles

Programmed Intermittent Epidural Boluses (PIEB) is a recent, innovative approach to pain management, particularly in obstetric and surgical settings. This technique delivers epidural analgesia by

Preeclampsia is a pregnancy complication characterized by proteinuria, high blood pressure, and other symptoms that can lead to organ damage and risk the life of

Pediatric anesthesia is a specialized field within anesthesiology dedicated to providing safe and effective anesthesia care to infants, children, and adolescents undergoing surgical or medical

Microplastics, or microscopic (up to 5 mm in diameter) plastic particles present in everyday items such as cigarettes, food, drinking water, clothes, and cosmetics, are

Anesthesia is a critical aspect of medical procedures, ensuring patient comfort and safety during surgeries and other interventions. However, the administration of anesthesia becomes a

Undergoing surgery is a significant life event that requires careful preparation, not only in terms of medical readiness but also through self-driven adjustments that can

Spinal anesthesia is a safe and effective technique for a wide variety of procedures, including obstetric surgeries and other surgeries involving the lower abdomen. Spinal

Medical and dental procedures often necessitate varying levels of sedation to ensure patient comfort and safety. The choice of sedation level depends on the nature

The perioperative space no stranger to technological advancements and innovations. Over the past few decades, anesthesia has witnessed a dramatic transformation, driven largely by the

Chronic joint pain plagues millions worldwide and can significantly impact a patient’s quality of life. Identifying the exact source of joint pain can be challenging,

Intravenous (IV) fluids play an integral role in the perioperative period, serving as vehicles for drug delivery, maintaining hydration, stabilizing electrolyte balances, and supporting hemodynamics. The

The heart, a muscular organ located in the thoracic cavity, serves as the primary engine that powers the circulatory system. It tirelessly pumps oxygenated blood

Undergoing anesthesia is a common occurrence for many individuals. While the primary goal of anesthesia is to ensure a painless experience, making it a necessary

Undergoing anesthesia for a surgical or medical procedure can be a nerve-wracking experience for many people. While anesthesia is a critical component of modern medicine